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Core: Power and Authority in the Modern World 1919–1946

MOD-CORE is worth about 25 marks out of 100 in recent HSC Modern History papers. Practise 46 exam-style questions (multiple choice, short answer) with instant marking and a worked solution for every question.

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Topic notes

The peace treaties of 1919–23, the rise of dictatorships in Russia, Italy and Japan, the Nazi regime to 1939 and the League and UN, with how to answer Section I source questions and the 10–15 mark question.

  1. 1What you need to know
  2. 2The peace treaties and their consequences
  3. 3The rise of dictatorships
  4. 4The Nazi regime to 1939
  5. 5The search for peace and security
  6. 6Answering source questions
  7. 7Common mistakes
  8. 8Exam tips
  9. 9Links to other topics
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Example questions

Example 1 · 1 mark · multiple choice

Source A — Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles, signed 28 June 1919 (official English text)

‘The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.’

Article 231 is usually known as the

  1. Adisarmament clause, which limited the German army to 100,000 men
  2. Bmandate clause, which handed Germany's colonies to the League
  3. CAnschluss clause, which banned union between Germany and Austria
  4. D‘war guilt’ clause, which gave the legal basis for reparations

Example 2 · 1 mark · multiple choice

Why did many Italians call the outcome of the Paris peace settlement a ‘mutilated victory’?

  1. AIt did not receive all the land it had been promised in 1915
  2. BIt was forced to pay reparations to the Allies for war loans
  3. CIt had to hand South Tyrol back to the new Austria
  4. DItaly was excluded from the League of Nations

Example 3 · 1 mark · multiple choice

What did Italy's Acerbo Law (1923) do?

  1. AIt settled relations between the Italian state and the Catholic Church
  2. BIt banned all political parties except the Fascists
  3. CIt gave the party with the most votes two-thirds of the seats
  4. DIt made Mussolini responsible only to the King and not to parliament

Answers and worked solutions appear when you practise these questions.

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